According to Greek mythology, the Canary Islands were associated with the lost island of Atlantis, a mysterious land said to have sunk beneath the ocean. Plato described Atlantis as a powerful naval force located beyond the Pillars of Hercules (the Strait of Gibraltar). Lanzarote, with its volcanic landscapes, has often been imagined as a remnant of this mythical civilization.
Before European contact, Lanzarote was inhabited by the Majos, a branch of the Guanche people native to the Canary Islands. They lived in cave dwellings and subsisted on fishing, farming, and gathering. Their society was structured and spiritual, and they adapted remarkably well to the island's volcanic environment.
In the early 14th century, European sailors began exploring the Canary Islands. French explorer Jean de BĂ©thencourt landed in Lanzarote in 1402 and initiated the Spanish conquest with relative ease due to existing alliances. Lanzarote became the first of the Canary Islands to be conquered and was later integrated into the Crown of Castile.
During the 15th to 18th centuries, Lanzarote faced repeated attacks by pirates and privateers. Fortifications such as Castillo de San Gabriel were constructed to protect the population. Despite the dangers, agriculture thrived, especially vineyards grown in volcanic ash, giving birth to the island’s unique wine tradition.
By the 20th century, Lanzarote transitioned from an agricultural economy to a major tourist destination. Artist and architect César Manrique played a crucial role in preserving the island’s natural beauty and promoting sustainable tourism. Today, Lanzarote is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, attracting millions of visitors each year with its unique landscapes and cultural heritage.